Skin phototypes: types, characteristics and needs
The skin is the largest organ in the human body and it varies considerably from person to person. One of the most effective ways to categorize and understand these variations is through the concept of 'skin phototypes', which helps us understand how a person's skin reacts to sun exposure. In this post, we'll explore what skin phototypes are, how many exist and the specific needs of each one. Keep reading if you want to discover the best sunscreen for you!
What are skin phototypes?
Skin phototypes are a classification that measures the skin's ability to absorb ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun and its tendency to burn or tan. This grading system was developed by the dermatologist Thomas B. Fitzpatrick in 1975 and is known as the Fitzpatrick scale. The scale ranges from phototype 1 to phototype 6, categorizing the skin from the lightest and most sensitive to sun exposure, to the darkest and most resistant.
The classification is based on factors such as skin color, response to sun exposure and tendency to burn or tan. Understanding your skin phototype is crucial to adopting the right sun protection measures and preventing skin damage.
How many skin phototypes are there and what care do they need?
As mentioned above, there are six skin phototypes according to the Fitzpatrick scale, each with specific characteristics and needs. Below, we'll describe each phototype and the care it requires. Find out which one is yours!
Phototype 1
Phototype 1 is typical of people with very fair skin, often with freckles, red or blond hair, light-colored eyes (blue or green) and who burn very easily and never tan. People with phototype 1 should be extremely careful with sun exposure. They should use broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high SPF (50 or higher) every day, even when it's cloudy. They should also wear protective clothing, wide-brimmed hats and sunglasses. Avoiding direct sun exposure during peak hours (10 am to 4 pm) is crucial.
Phototype 2
People belonging to phototype 2 have fair skin, blond or light brown hair, light-colored eyes and, although they also burn easily, they can achieve a minimal tan. Phototype 2 also requires strict sun protection. The use of a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high SPF is recommended, as well as protective clothing and hats. It's important to apply sunscreen generously and reapply every two hours, or after swimming or sweating.
Phototype 3
Among the different skin phototypes, phototype 3 corresponds to those with fair to medium skin, brown hair, light- or brown-colored eyes and who burn moderately and tan gradually. People with phototype 3 should use broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30. It's also important to apply sunscreen evenly and reapply it regularly. They should also wear protective clothing and limit sun exposure during peak hours.
Phototype 4
What are the characteristics of people belonging to phototype 4? Their skin is olive or light brown, their hair is dark brown or black, as are their eyes. They burn minimally and tan well. Phototype 4 has a higher resistance to sunburn, but still requires protection. As with the skin phototypes mentioned above, a broad-spectrum sunscreen is recommended.
Phototype 5
Phototype 5 is typical of people with brown skin, black hair and dark brown eyes, who rarely burn and tan easily. Despite their high tanning ability and low propensity to sunburn, they must also protect their skin.
Phototype 6
If you have black skin and hair, dark brown eyes, never burn and tan deeply, you belong to phototype 6!
Although phototype 6 is very resistant to sunburn, sun protection is still essential to prevent cumulative UV damage, which can lead to problems such as premature aging, the appearance of dark spots and skin cancer.
Biotherm products for all phototypes
Biotherm offers a range of products designed to provide sun protection and skincare suitable for all skin phototypes, as well as products to apply after sun exposure. Next we'll highlight some key products to protect your skin all year round.
Waterlover Hydrating Sun Milk SPF 50
Waterlover Hydrating Sun Milk SPF 50 is ideal for those seeking high sun protection and intense hydration. This sunscreen is suitable for all phototypes and is especially beneficial for those with sensitive skin or skin prone to sunburn. Apply generously to your face and body before sun exposure and reapply every two hours.
Waterlover Sun Milk SPF 50
Waterlover Sun Milk SPF 50 is our first eco-certified sunscreen. It provides effective sun protection while caring for your skin and the environment. Its formula is water-resistant and suitable for all phototypes. It features a filtering system with Mexoryl™, which provides optimal UVA/UVB protection, and a combination of soothing and regenerating Life Plankton™, along with the antioxidant vitamin E to help limit oxidative damage from UVA rays.
Waterlover Sun Milky Spray SPF50
If you prefer a spray sunscreen, Waterlover Sun Milky Spray SPF 50 this one will become your favorite! It combines the convenience of a spray with effective sun protection. This product, formulated with exclusive Netlock technology that offers water and sand resistance while protecting your skin from sun damage, is perfect for those who prefer a quick and easy application.
Waterlover Face Sunscreen SPF 50+
If you need sunscreen for your face, Waterlover Face Sunscreen SPF 50+ is designed for it specifically, providing high UV protection while moisturizing and caring for your skin. 9 out of 10 women who have tried it feel that their skin is more hydrated, softer and protected against the sun.
Urban UV Defense Protective Hydrating Fluid SPF 50+
Looking for a lightweight, fluid sunscreen that leaves your skin protected, hydrated, and soft? Urban UV Defense Protective Hydrating Fluid SPF 50+ will be your best ally thanks to the regenerating Life Plankton and Hyaluronic Acid in its formula! It offers protection against UV rays and urban environmental aggressors, making it ideal for daily city life.
UV Defense City+ Ultra Light Texture
UV Defense City+ Ultra Light Texture is an ultra-light sunscreen designed for urban life that offers effective sun protection without leaving a greasy residue. It has broad-spectrum SPF50 PA+++ that protects against premature aging and pollution.
Understanding skin phototypes and their specific needs is essential to adopting an effective skincare routine and protecting yourself properly from the sun. Each phototype requires a different level of sun protection and additional care to maintain healthy skin and prevent UV damage. Although it's always advisable to opt for broad-spectrum sunscreens.
Biotherm products are designed to provide complete sun protection and skincare for all skin phototypes. By incorporating these products into your daily routine, you can ensure that your skin is well protected and in peak condition, regardless of your phototype. Protect your skin with Biotherm and enjoy the sun safely and responsibly!
